Why in News:
A Nature Medicine (2025) study reported 54% effectiveness of India’s indigenous Rotavac vaccine against rotavirus gastroenteritis — matching its Phase-3 trial efficacy — under the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP).
Description:
- Vaccine: Rotavac (developed by Bharat Biotech, India).
- Part of UIP along with: IPV, MR, JE, TB, DPT, Hepatitis B, Hib, etc.
- Already implemented in Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Tripura, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu.
About Rotavirus:
- Leading cause of severe diarrhoea in children under 5.
- Transmission: Feco-oral route.
- Symptoms: Diarrhoea, vomiting, fever, stomach pain, dehydration.
- Highly contagious; spreads through unwashed hands and contaminated food/water.
WHO Recommendations:
- First dose: After 6 weeks of age, with DTP vaccine.
- Recommended in countries with >10% under-five diarrhoeal mortality.
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