Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)

Why in News?

22 Nepalese prisoners, who escaped amid political unrest and mass jail breaks in Nepal, were caught by India’s Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) at the Uttar Pradesh border. The arrests follow prisoner lists shared by Nepalese authorities for cross-border security coordination.

Description:

• SSB is one of India’s Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
• Raised in 1963 as the Special Services Bureau; renamed Sashastra Seema Bal after assuming charge of the Indo-Nepal border.
• Presently guards India’s international borders with Nepal and Bhutan.

Roles and Responsibilities:

1. Border Security:
   1. Safeguard the security of India’s Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan borders.
   1. Instill a sense of security among border residents.
2. Preventing Unlawful Activities:
   1. Prevent cross-border crimes, smuggling, and trafficking.
   1. Check illegal entry or exit across the borders.
3. Civic Action Programmes:
   1. Implement developmental works in border areas under Border Area Development Programme (BADP).
   1. Activities include construction of schools, toilets, roads, community buildings.
4. Additional Duties (as per Central Government):
   1. Law & Order duties.
   1. Counter-Insurgency Operations.
   1. Election duty within India.
   1. Participation in UN peacekeeping missions abroad.
5. Intelligence Role:
   1. Acts as the lead intelligence agency along the Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan borders.
   1. Responsible for collection, coordination, and dissemination of intelligence in its operational areas.

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