Context: The United States has initiated Section 301 investigations under the Trade Act, 1974 against 16 countries, including India, China, Bangladesh, and Vietnam.
About Section 301:
- Enables the U.S. to act against unfair or discriminatory foreign trade practices harming U.S. commerce and to impose tariffs or other trade restrictions on imports.
- Scope: Covers issues such as intellectual property violations, subsidies, market access barriers, and forced labour.
- Special 301 Report: An annual report issued by the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) that reviews the intellectual property protection of trading partners, placing countries on the Priority Watch List or Watch List for inadequate IPR safeguards.
- Issue flagged for India: Concerns over excess manufacturing capacity in the solar sector.
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