Substantive Motion in Parliament

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Why in News?

Recently, a Member of Parliament (MP) moved a Substantive Motion in the Lok Sabha against the Leader of Opposition, bringing attention to parliamentary procedures related to motions.

Description:

Substantive Motion:

A self-contained, independent proposal submitted for the approval of the House, drafted in such a manner as to express a definite opinion, decision, or will of the House. It is capable of standing on its own and does not depend upon another motion.

Constitutional & Procedural Basis:

  • Admissibility is subject to the Speaker’s approval (Lok Sabha) or Chairman’s approval (Rajya Sabha).
  • Governed by Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha and Parliamentary conventions and practices. No explicit constitutional definition.

Features:

  1. Independent Nature: Does not arise out of another motion. Complete in itself.
  2. Self-contained Proposal: Clearly states the action or opinion sought from the House.
  3. Requires Prior Notice: Member must give written notice to the Secretary-General.
  4. Admissibility Criteria: Must not:
  5. Contain defamatory statements
  6. Refer to matters sub judice (with limitations)
  7. Raise issues outside legislative competence
  8. Voting: Usually decided by simple majority of members present and voting, unless Constitution provides otherwise (e.g., removal motions requiring special majority).
  9. Amendments: Can be amended before being put to vote.

Important Parliamentary Facts:

  • A motion becomes the decision of the House only after it is Admitted by the Speaker, Discussed, put to vote and adopted by required majority
  • Not every notice given results in discussion and scheduling is subject to the Speaker’s discretion.
  • Voting is Mandatory: Discussions under Rule 184 (Substantive Motions) must conclude with a vote

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