Context: The Petroleum Ministry has amended norms to allow blending of Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF) with synthesised hydrocarbons from non-petroleum sources, promoting Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and reducing dependence on crude oil.
- Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF) is the primary fuel used in aircraft, consisting of refined petroleum hydrocarbons meeting IS 1571 standards.
- The new norms allow blending with synthetic hydrocarbons (IS 17081) derived from non-petroleum sources like biomass, natural gas, or waste.
- Example: Fuel made from agricultural waste or used cooking oil can now be blended with conventional jet fuel.
- This aligns with the concept of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), which reduces lifecycle carbon emissions compared to fossil fuels.
- SAF is considered a drop-in fuel, meaning it can be used in existing aircraft engines without major modifications.
- Blending helps reduce carbon emissions from aviation, a hard-to-decarbonise sector.
- It also enhances energy security by diversifying fuel sources beyond crude oil imports.
- The move gains importance amid global oil supply disruptions and geopolitical tensions affecting fuel prices.
- Feedstocks for synthetic fuels include biomass, municipal waste, and natural gas, processed through chemical conversion technologies.
- Globally, aviation bodies like ICAO promote SAF under mechanisms such as CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation).
- India’s push for SAF aligns with climate commitments and long-term goals of net-zero emissions by 2070.
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