Context: The Madhya Pradesh Cabinet has approved the draft Uniform Civil Code (UCC) Bill, which proposes a common legal framework for personal laws across communities while exempting Scheduled Tribes.
Explanation
- Uniform Civil Code (UCC) aims to replace religion-based personal laws with a common civil law governing marriage, divorce, inheritance, adoption and maintenance, deriving support from Article 44 (Directive Principles of State Policy).
- Personal laws in India currently differ across religious communities, while criminal laws are uniform nationwide.
- The draft Bill exempts Scheduled Tribes, recognizing constitutional protections under Articles 342 and 366(25) and tribal customary practices.
- The proposal bans polygamy, nikah halala, mandates registration of marriages, divorces and live-in relationships, and grants equal legal status to children irrespective of parents’ marital status.
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