Why in News?
The 80th UN General Assembly begins this week in New York, with world leaders discussing global issues including Gaza’s humanitarian crisis, the Ukraine war, Syria, and Sudan. Side discussions may also focus on the selection of the next UN Secretary-General.
Description:
- It is the main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ of the United Nations (UN).
- All 193 UN member states are members of the UNGA, each having one vote.
Functions:
- Discusses and makes recommendations on international peace and security (except matters under Security Council consideration).
- Approves the UN budget.
- Elects non-permanent members of the UN Security Council, members of the Economic and Social Council, and other bodies.
- Admits new members on the recommendation of the Security Council.
- Appoints the Secretary-General (on Security Council’s recommendation).
Decisions:
- Resolutions of the UNGA are non-binding (they do not have legal force), but carry significant political and moral weight.
Sessions:
- Meets in regular annual sessions (September to December).
- Can hold special or emergency sessions if required.
Voting:
- Important questions (e.g. peace and security, budget) need a two-thirds majority.
- Other matters are decided by a simple majority.
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