Context:
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has notified the Natural History Museum, Mizoram University, as India’s 21st Designated Repository under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. It will preserve authenticated biological specimens from the Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot.
Explanation:
- Biological Diversity Act, 2002 regulates access to India’s biological resources and protects associated traditional knowledge.
- Section 39 allows the Central Government to notify institutions as Designated Repositories.
- These repositories preserve voucher specimens and type specimens of plants, animals and microorganisms.
- Voucher specimens help verify species identity; type specimens act as the scientific reference for newly discovered species.
- Mizoram lies in the Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot, rich in endemic flora and fauna.
- NHM will document taxa such as pteridophytes, macrofungi, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, moths, beetles and butterflies.
- It supports ex-situ conservation, genetic diversity protection and the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
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