| Syllabus: GS I, Subject: Geography, Topic: Resources – World and India, Issue: Petroleum and Natural Gas |
Context: Two Industrial Revolutions were the result mainly of people finding a way to extract hydrocarbons and using them
Hydrocarbons:
- Hydrocarbons like natural gas, coal, crude oil, and petroleum are found in subterranean rock formations.
- Reservoirs form when a resistant rock overlies a less resistant one, trapping hydrocarbons below.
- Petroleum geologists assess rock porosity and permeability to determine hydrocarbon potential.
- Kerogen, organic matter, is the primary source of hydrocarbons in rocks.
- Kerogen can originate from lacustrine, marine, or terrestrial ecosystems.
- Source rocks are sought out by geologists for their ability to yield hydrocarbons.
- Exploration involves modelling, observational data, and drilling smaller wells.
| +1 advantage for mains: One 2018 study estimated that 9,000 oilfields in 90 countries released 1.7 billion tons of carbon dioxide in 2015 alone. key points in short and crisp sentences |
