Syllabus: GS-III
Subject: Ecology
Topic: Environmental pollution and degradation.
Issue: Air Quality.
Context: A study by Respirer Living Sciences and Climate Trends analyzed air quality data in 49 Indian cities over five years.
Synopsis:
Highlights of the Study:
- 27 cities declined PM 2.5, while only four met or exceeded the targeted reduction under the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP).
- The NCAP aimed to reduce average particulate matter concentrations by 40% by 2026 in 131 cities, but progress seems insufficient.
- Delhi, among other major cities, reports marginal declines or even an increase in pollution levels.
- Varanasi, Agra, and Jodhpur are notable for achieving more than 40% reduction in PM 2.5 levels, exceeding the 2026 targets.
- The study emphasizes the influence of factors like geography, emissions, and meteorology on pollution levels.
- Only four out of 92 cities analyzed have more than 10 continuous ambient air quality monitors, affecting accurate tracking of pollution.
- The report suggests that the impact of cities’ actions on improving air quality is yet unclear, despite some positive strides under the NCAP.
- Strengthened monitoring with additional air quality stations is recommended for better understanding and mitigation of air pollution challenges.
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Background:
National Clean Air Program:
Conclusion: Indian cities face air quality challenges, showing insufficient progress towards National Clean Air Programme goals, necessitating strengthened monitoring and action.
