Syllabus: GS-II
Subject: Polity
Topic: Elections and RPA
Issue: Horse Trading- Unfair Electoral Practices
Context: The Supreme Court said it is “deeply concerned about the horse-trading taking place” post the controversial Chandigarh mayoral elections.
What is horse trading?
- It refers to the practice of persuading elected representatives (MLAs or MPs) to switch parties or vote against their own party in exchange for promises of power, money, or other incentives.
- It is considered unethical and undemocratic as it undermines the core principle of representing the electorate’s will.
Impact:
- Undermines democracy as it weakens the mandate of the electorate
- Erodes political stability: Frequent defections and power struggles can lead to fragile governments and hinder long-term planning.
- Breeds corruption: The secretive nature of these deals often involves opaque financial transactions and fuels distrust in the system.
Laws related:
- The 10th Schedule of the constitution was enacted to prevent horse trading(defections) and ensure political stability. However, it does not apply to local governments.
- Section 123 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 (Corrupt practices)
- bribery of voters or candidates,
- Undue influence on voters (through threats, intimidation, etc.)
- False statements about candidates in election pamphlets
- booth capturing and rigging the voting process.
