Context:
The EAC-PM (Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister) has proposed a targeted splitting model for the next delimitation exercise, suggesting expansion of Lok Sabha seats from 543 to 824 while broadly maintaining the current inter-State seat share.
Explanation:
- Delimitation means redrawing parliamentary and assembly constituency boundaries based on population changes.
- It is carried out by a Delimitation Commission constituted by an Act of Parliament.
- Its orders have the force of law and cannot ordinarily be challenged in court.
- Articles 82 and 170 provide for readjustment of Lok Sabha and State Assembly constituencies after every Census.
- Lok Sabha seats were frozen on the basis of the 1971 Census by the 42nd Amendment, 1976, later extended till 2026 by the 84th Amendment, 2001.
- The EAC-PM model proposes a 50% seat rise for large States, taking Lok Sabha strength from 543 to 824.
- It recommends splitting 170 constituencies. 59 into two parts and 111 into three parts.
- Examples: Kerala 20 to 30, Tamil Nadu 39 to 59, Uttar Pradesh 80 to 120.
- Suggested criteria include voter turnout, constituency size, urban share, SC/ST share and linguistic diversity.
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Delimitation of Lok Sabha and the Seat Expansion Debate