Context
The government has launched a ₹23,731-crore support framework under GOBARdhan Scheme to expand Compressed Biogas (CBG) production nearly ten-fold. The initiative seeks to convert agricultural and organic waste into clean domestic fuel while reducing fossil-fuel imports and emissions.

Explanation
- GOBARdhan – Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources Dhan promotes conversion of cattle dung, agricultural residue, food waste and other biomass into useful energy.
- CBG is purified and compressed biogas, consisting mainly of methane, with properties similar to Compressed Natural Gas (CNG).
- The scheme provides capital assistance for new and upgraded CBG plants.
- Greenfield projects receive support based on eligible production capacity; brownfield projects involve expansion or upgrading of existing plants.
- Guaranteed offtake helps improve commercial viability of CBG production.
- CBG can substitute fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse-gas emissions and lower dependence on imported energy. Digestate/by-products can be used as organic manure, supporting a circular economy.
- The programme complements India’s efforts toward waste-to-wealth, bioenergy and energy security.
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