Context
Recently, NASA launched the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope aboard a SpaceX rocket to investigate major cosmic mysteries, particularly dark matter, dark energy and exoplanets. It will operate near the Sun–Earth Lagrange Point 2 (L2).
Explanation
- The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is a NASA infrared space observatory designed for wide-field surveys of the universe.
- It is named after Nancy Grace Roman, NASA’s first Chief of Astronomy, often called the “mother of Hubble.”
- The telescope will operate near Sun–Earth L2, about 1.5 million km from Earth, where gravitational and orbital conditions enable stable observations.
- Its Wide Field Instrument (WFI) will survey large areas of the sky to study galaxies, dark energy and dark matter through effects such as gravitational lensing.
- Dark matter interacts gravitationally but does not emit light; dark energy is associated with the universe’s accelerated expansion.
- Its coronagraph suppresses bright starlight, helping detect and characterise faint exoplanets.
- Roman complements the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes through its much wider field of view.
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