Paper: GS – II, Subject: Polity, Topic: Executive, Issue: Vice-President resignation.
Context:
Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar, aged 74, has resigned from his position, citing health concerns. The resignation was submitted to President Droupadi Murmu, the first day of the Monsoon Session of Parliament.
Key Takeaways:
Constitutional Provisions Related to Vice President of India:
- Articles 63-71 in Part V of the Indian Constitution contain key provisions related to the Vice President of India.
- The constitutional provisions mentioned under these articles deal with matters related to the election, term of office, oaths & affirmations, powers & functions, and other aspects related to the office of the Vice President of India.
The Vice President of India:
- The Vice President of India is the second-highest constitutional office in the country after the President of India.
- The Vice-President is accorded a rank next to the President in the official warrant of precedence.
- This office is modeled on the lines of the American Vice-President.
- The Vice President’s main role is to act as the President if the President cannot perform his or her duties, such as due to death, resignation, or impeachment.
- The Vice President also serves as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States), the upper house of the Indian Parliament.
Election of Vice President of India:
The Vice President of India is elected not directly by the people of India, but by the members of an electoral college as described below.
Electoral College of Vice President of India:
| Members who vote in the Election of Vice President of India | Members who do not vote in the Election of Vice President of India |
| The members (both elected as well as nominated) of both the Houses of Parliament.. | The members of the Legislative Assemblies of States |
The Electoral College of the Vice President of India is different from the Electoral College of the President of India in the following two respects:
| Electoral College of Vice President of India | Electoral College of President of India |
| The Electoral College of Vice-President consists of both Elected and Nominated Members of both the Houses of Parliament. | The Electoral College of the President consists of only Elected Members of both the Houses of Parliament. |
| It does not include the Members of the State Legislative Assemblies. | It includes the Elected Members of the State Legislative Assemblies and Elected Members of Legislative Assemblies of the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry. |
Eligibility Criteria:
- Must be a citizen of India.
- Must be at least 35 years old.
- Must be eligible to be elected as a member of the Rajya Sabha.
- Not hold any office of profit under the union or any state government or any local or public authority.
| Article 67 of constitution of India: The Vice-President shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office: Provided that (a) a Vice-President may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office; Historical Instances of Mid-Term Resignation: V.V. Giri (1969): Resigned to contest the Presidential election.Bhairon Singh Shekhawat (2007): Resigned after losing the Presidential race.Jagdeep Dhankhar (2025): Resigned for health reasons after chairing the Monsoon Session. (b) a Vice-President may be removed from his office by a resolution of the Council of States passed by a majority of all the then members of The Council and agreed to by the House of the People; but no resolution for the purpose of this clause shall be moved unless at least fourteen days’ notice has been given of the intention to move the resolution; (c) a Vice-President shall, notwithstanding the expiration of his term, continue to hold office until his successor enters upon his office. |
Vice President of India: Oath, Conditions, Term, Vacancy, and Removal:
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