| Syllabus: GS-II, Subject: Governance, Topic: Good governance and application, Issue: 4P model of development |
4Ps of India’s Development
- The Mahatma Gandhi International Sanitation Conference (MGISC) in 2018 introduced India’s 4Ps for achieving developmental results.
- India’s 4Ps are political leadership, public financing, partnerships, and people’s participation, formulated during the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM).
- Prime Minister Modi’s leadership was crucial in announcing and monitoring the SBM, addressing open defecation as a national challenge.
- Public financing of sanitation, recognized as a public good, saw significant investment of around $20 billion by the Indian government.
- Partnerships with international bodies, NGOs, and local communities were integral to the SBM’s success.
- People’s participation, where rural communities took ownership of sanitation initiatives, ensured sustainability and success.
- India’s 4Ps have been applied to other national programs like LIFE and the Jal Jeevan Mission.
- These principles are relevant globally for addressing challenges such as climate change, pandemics, and water and energy access.
