Paper: GS – II, Subject: Society and Social Justice, Topic: Social Sector- Health, Issue: Steps to achieve SDG 3.
Context:
India ranked 99 out of 167 nations in the SDG Index 2025, improving from 109 in 2021. Yet, major challenges remain in health and nutrition, especially in rural and tribal regions.
Key Highlights:
Status of SDG 3 in India:
Key Gaps:
- Access to Quality Healthcare: Infrastructure deficit in rural areas.
- Socio-economic Barriers: Poverty, gender norms, and stigma prevent access.
- High OOPE: Pushes families into poverty.
- Preventive Healthcare Deficit: Focus more on curative than preventive measures.
Three-Pronged Approach for Accelerating Progress:
Role of Health Education:
Compulsory school-based health education on hygiene, sanitation, reproductive health, road safety, mental health and early education improves health-seeking behaviour.
Case studies:
Finland: School reforms reduced cardiovascular deaths.
Japan: Health education improved hygiene and increased life expectancy.
Need for Concerted Action:
- Embed health education in curricula.
- Expand universal health coverage.
- Strengthen primary healthcare.
- Active role of parents in promoting awareness and advocating curriculum changes.
Conclusion:
With only 17% of global SDG targets on track, achieving SDG 3 requires a shift towards preventive care, universal insurance, and health education. A strong health system is foundational to sustainable development and the vision of a “Viksit Bharat by 2047.”
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