Paper: GS – II, Subject: Polity, Topic: Judiciary and Tribunals, Issue: Need for Judicial reforms.
Context:
India’s judiciary faces chronic challenges of pendency, vacancies, under-capacity, and underfunding. Judicial efficiency is critical not just for justice delivery but also for economic growth and investor confidence.
Key Highlights:
Key Issues in Indian Judiciary:

Impact of Judicial Delays:
- Litigation Risk: Increases uncertainty for businesses and investors.
- India Execution Risk: Perception that contracts and judgments are hard to enforce.
- Ease of Doing Business: India ranks poorly on contract enforcement.
- Macroeconomic Costs: Working capital stuck in disputes/arbitrations.
- Investor Confidence: Weak enforcement deters FDI and private investment.
Reform Measures Needed:

Conclusion:
Judiciary is not just a pillar of democracy but also a critical enabler of economic growth. Judicial reforms can enhance rule of law and investor confidence, improve ease of doing business and ensure timely justice for citizens.
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