Paper: GS-II, Subject: International Relations, Topic: Global issues, Subject: Strengthening global governance.
Context:
2025 marks 75 years of diplomatic ties between India and China since 1950. The bilateral relationship has grown significantly with frequent high-level exchanges.
India–China Bilateral Engagements
High-Level Exchanges
- President Xi Jinping and PM Narendra Modi have met 18 times from 2014–2024.
- Key milestones:
- 2014: Year of China–India Friendly Exchanges.
- 2015: Joint Statement on Closer Development Partnership.
- August 2023: Modi–Xi meeting at BRICS Johannesburg Summit.
- October 2024: Bilateral meeting at BRICS Summit in Kazan.
- 2023–24: Resumption of bilateral visits post-COVID.
Changes in Global Governance:
Shift to Multipolarity: Decline of unilateral dominance of the West and rise of Asia and Eurasia as new power centres.
Vision for Global Governance:
Implications for India
- Opportunity to shape multipolar order while safeguarding national interests.
- Scope to advance South-South solidarity (Africa, Latin America, Asia).
Conclusion: Though challenges such as border disputes and trade imbalance remain, India–China partnership has the potential to reshape global governance architecture. By promoting multipolarity, fairness, and cooperation, both nations can act as pillars of stability and growth in the 21st century.
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