Paper: GS – III, Subject: Indian Economy, Topic: Technology Mission, Issue: AI Revolutionises Indian Agriculture.
Context:
India’s intelligent farming revolution leverages AI for data-driven, sustainable, and human-centered agriculture, supporting the third Green Revolution by enhancing productivity and complementing farmer expertise for inclusivity and precision.
Key Highlights:
The Farmer as a Data Innovator:
- Precision Irrigation: AI-powered systems, utilizing soil moisture sensors and data analysis, can provide farmers with precise irrigation schedules.
- Example: A farmer in Mewat, Haryana, receives a notification to run their pump for one hour, saving water, electricity, and improving yield quality.
- Impact: Increased yields by 40-50% and reduced water usage.
- Economic and Ecological Transformation: This technology leads to economic benefits for farmers and promotes ecological sustainability.
The Human-Tech Partnership:
- Augmented Agriculture: AI enhances farmers’ existing knowledge and intuition by providing data-backed insights tailored to specific plots.
- Accessible Information: Voice- and chat-based advisory tools in regional languages bridge knowledge gaps.
- Farmers can ask questions in their native languages about irrigation, fertilizer, and market options.
- Multilingual Intelligence: This approach is revolutionizing information access in rural India.
A Digital Stack for Agriculture: Mission Krishi-Gyan:
- Unifying Digital Framework: India needs a national agri-intelligence initiative, “Mission Krishi-Gyan,” anchored by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
- Open Digital Public Infrastructure: This platform would integrate:
- Satellite imagery
- Internet-of-Things (IoT) data
- Soil records
- Crop models
- Logistics
- Mandi (market) information
- Accessibility: The platform should be accessible to farmers, startups, cooperatives, and researchers.
- Village Scientists/Crop Doctors: Digitally trained agri-graduates would:
- Collect field data
- Guide farmers
- Serve as the human interface for AI
Benefits of Mission Krishi-Gyan:
- Doubled Farmer Incomes: Through precision advisories and market linkages.
- Rural Job Creation: 50,000 jobs for agri-professionals.
- National Agri-Intelligence Grid: A centralized system for agricultural data and insights.
- Real-Time Scheme Delivery: Transparent and efficient delivery of government programs.
Intelligent Flywheel of Growth:
Artificial intelligence is transforming Indian agriculture by enhancing crop yields, optimizing resource use, reducing costs, and empowering farmers through data-driven decision-making for sustainable and equitable growth.
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