Paper: GS – III, Subject: Science & Technology, Topic: Medical Science and Health, Issue: Oxytocin in C-Sections and Maternal Safety.
Context:
Recently, suspected fake or substandard oxytocin used during C-sections in Rajasthan was linked to excessive bleeding and maternal deaths. The World Health Organization (WHO) has sought information from India, highlighting concerns over drug quality in childbirth care.
Key Takeaways:
Explanation:
Role During Childbirth:
- After delivery, blood vessels at the place where the placenta was attached remain open.
- Oxytocin contracts the uterus and compresses these vessels, thereby reducing blood loss.
- It also helps in the delivery of the placenta and supports breast-milk release.
Importance in C-Sections:
- Natural oxytocin release may be weaker during a C-section, especially under spinal or epidural anaesthesia.
- Doctors therefore administer oxytocin to ensure that the uterus contracts properly.
- Failure of the uterus to contract, called uterine atony, can cause severe and life-threatening bleeding.
Other C-Section Risks:
- Possible complications include wound or uterine infection, greater blood loss and reactions to anaesthesia.
- Severe cases may require blood transfusion, intensive care or emergency surgery.
Risk from Poor-Quality Oxytocin:
- Fake or substandard oxytocin may contain insufficient or no active ingredient.
- Improper storage can also reduce its effectiveness.
- If the medicine fails, heavy bleeding may continue despite treatment.
Way Forward:
- Every batch should undergo strict quality testing before use.
- Quick Response (QR) codes and barcodes should be used to track the manufacturer, batch and supply chain.
- The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) and State regulators must conduct regular inspections and rapid recalls.
- Hospitals should ensure proper storage, blood availability and trained emergency teams.
- Maternal deaths should be audited to identify medical and regulatory failures.
Conclusion:
Oxytocin is a life-saving medicine during childbirth, especially in C-sections. Its success depends on correct use and assured quality. Strong drug regulation is essential to protect mothers.
Source: (The Indian Express)
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