Introduction
Perimenopause is the transition phase before menopause, while menopause marks the permanent end of menstruation. Though natural biological processes, their physical, mental and social consequences make them important public-health and women’s issues.
Public-Health Dimension
- Symptoms such as hot flashes, sleep disorders, fatigue, joint pain and anxiety may require medical attention.
- Lack of screening and counselling can reduce women’s quality of life and productivity.
- Health systems often focus more on pregnancy and reproductive-age women, leaving a midlife-care gap.
- Community-level services can enable early diagnosis, counselling and referral.
Social Dimension
- Menopause is often surrounded by silence, stigma and poor awareness.
- Symptoms may affect women’s work, family responsibilities and emotional well-being.
- Women may hesitate to seek treatment because their concerns are dismissed as “normal ageing”.
- Family and workplace sensitivity can improve support.
Conclusion
Thus, menopause should be addressed through a life-cycle approach to women’s health, combining medical care, awareness, counselling and social support.
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