Paper: GS-III, Subject: Environment and Ecology, Topic: Pollution, Issue: Environment crisis in India
Context:
As we commemorate World Environment Day, it is crucial to assess the progress made over the past decade in tackling the environment crisis and the challenges that lie ahead.
- The intertwined crises of carbon emissions, biodiversity loss, and pollution are not only affecting the environment but also the livelihoods and health of millions of people in India.
Major Environment Crises
- Carbon Emissions: Global CO2 emissions increased from approximately 34.1 billion metric tonnes in 2015 to 37.4 billion metric tonnes in 2024, marking a nearly 10% rise.
- India’s emissions rose significantly from 2.33 billion to 3.12 billion metric tonnes, primarily due to a persistent reliance on coal and oil.
- Biodiversity Loss: Mass extinctions and ecological disruptions are becoming increasingly common.
- India, known for its rich biodiversity, faces severe threats from deforestation, wetland degradation, and monoculture agriculture.
- Pollution: Air pollution remains a critical issue, with India consistently ranking among the world’s most polluted countries, particularly in urban areas like Delhi.
Root Causes of the Environment Crisis
Addressing the environment crisis in India requires a multifaceted approach that includes accountability, sustainable practices, and a commitment to ecological integrity. The time for action is now, as the health of the planet and the well-being of future generations depend on our choices today.
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